Analgesic Effect of Ropivacaine Combined with Hydromorphone following Surgery for Mixed Hemorrhoids: A Pilot Study

Table 1

Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics of the study participants.

Characteristic	Hydromorphone group (n = 40)	Morphine group (n = 40)	t-value	value
Male, n (%)	25 (62.5%)	22 (55.0%)
Age (years), mean ± SD	39.7 ± 10.7	39.5 ± 10.8	0.084	0.933
Height (cm), mean ± SD	167.5 ± 8.6	167.1 ± 8.2	0.213	0.832
Weight (kg), mean ± SD	68.2 ± 14.1	63.8 ± 10.9	1.539	0.128
Body mass index (kg/m^2), mean ± SD	24.1 ± 3.8	22.8 ± 3.0	1.789	0.077
Duration of surgery (min), mean ± SD	27.4 ± 10.0	25.4 ± 8.0	0.964	0.338

SD: standard deviation.