Fear of Pain as a Predictor for Postoperative Pain Intensity among the Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Surgery

Table 4

Regression tested by the mediation model in worst pain (n = 89).

Regression equation	PCS		Worst pain		Worst pain
	t	95% CI	t	95% CI	t	95% CI
(Constant)	1.834	−0.755∼18.706	−1.263	−3.164∼0.705	−0.753	−2.702∼1.217
FOP-9	4.491	0.495∼1.282	1.590	−0.171∼0.153	2.922	0.372∼0.196
Analgesic drugs	1.033	−1.655∼5.238	4.694	0.920∼2.273	4.853	1.000∼2.388
PCS			2.581	0.013∼0.096
R-squared	0.208		0.345		0.294
F	11.299		14.945		17.908

PCS, Pain Catastrophizing Scale; CI, confidence interval; FOP-9, Fear of Pain-9 Items; ; . FOP-9 as an independent variable, PCS as a mediating variable, and analgesic drugs as a covariate value.