Validation of a Model Predicting That Physical Activities Improve Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Japanese Adults with Pain, Dysesthesia, and Kinesiophobia after Lumbar Surgery: Structural Equation Modeling

Table 2

Estimates and standardized estimates obtained by the WLSMV estimation.

	Estimates	values	Standardized estimates
Latent variables
PA<-
Walking	0.619	0.000 ^a	0.418
S/LIE	0.149	0.0270	0.109
MSE	0.247	0.035 ^b	0.191
MTH/G	0.571	0.000 ^a	0.484
Paid works	0.170	0.187	0.119
Pain/dysesthesia<-
LBP	1.474	0.000 ^a	0.798
LP	1.634	0.000 ^a	0.816
LD	1.539	0.000 ^a	0.687
Regressions
AA<-
Pain/dysesthesia	−0.03s8	0.878	−0.014
PA	−1.030	0.003 ^a	−0.355
SF<-
Pain/dysesthesia	1.082	0.001 ^a	0.309
PA	−1.157	0.005 ^a	−0.301
Pain/dysesthesia<-
PA	−0.445	0.002 ^a	−0.406
EQ-5D<-
Pain/dysesthesia	−0.110	0.000 ^a	−0.684
AA	−0.001	0.800	−0.011
SF	−0.010	0.000 ^a	−0.218
Covariances
AA<->
SF	2.429	0.002 ^a	0.271
Walking<->
S/LIE	0.574	0.000 ^a	0.313
Paid works	−0.518	0.000 ^a	−0.270
S/LIE <->
MSE	0.809	0.000 ^a	0.468

n = 297. ^a:; ^b:. <- represents regressions and <-> represents covariances. WLSMV, weighted least squares mean variance; PA, physical activity; S/LIE, stretching and light-intensity exercises; MSE, muscle strength exercises; MTH/G, maintenance tasks of the house and garden, including kitchen garden; SF, somatic focus; AA, activity avoidance; EQ-5D, EuroQol 5-dimension.