Pain Research and Management

Research Article

Effect of Ultrasonic Penetration with Volatile Oil of Olibanum and Chuanxiong Rhizoma on Acute Knee Synovitis Induced by Sports Training: An Open-Label Randomized Controlled Study

Table 2

Demographic characteristics of both groups (N = 116).


Characteristics	Test group (n = 64)	Control group (n = 52)	value

Age (years, mean ± SD)	22.05 ± 2.86	21.90 ± 2.30	0.906^a
Height (cm, mean ± SD)	172.66 ± 7.12	171.83 ± 6.44	0.516^b
Weight (kg, mean ± SD)	66.78 ± 9.59	68.08 ± 10.07	0.481^b
BMI (kg/m²)	22.25 ± 2.10	22.96 ± 2.42	0.095^b
Gender (n[%])
Male	40 (62.5)	41 (78.8)	0.069^c
Female	24 (37.4)	11 (21.2)	0.069^c
Injured knee (n[%])
Left	33 (62.5)	21 (40.4)	0.264^c
Right	31 (51.6)	31 (59.6)	0.264^c
Swelling degree of the injured knee
No	26 (40.6)	26 (50.0)	0.610^c
Slight	27 (42.2)	20 (38.5)
Moderate	10 (15.6)	6 (11.5)
Severe	1 (1.6)	0 (0)

SD: standard deviation. ^aThe between-group value was calculated by Mann–Whitney U test for “age.” ^bThe between-group value was calculated by Student t-test for “height,” “weight,” and “BMI.” ^cThe between-group value of n [%] was calculated by chi-squared test.