Retrospective Observational Study on the Characteristics of Pain and Associated Factors of Breakthrough Pain in Advanced Cancer Patients

Table 3

Univariate analysis of BTP incidence among demographic data.

		BTP (%)	χ^2				BTP (%)	χ^2
Age	18–64	57.2	10.641	<0.001	Liver and cholecyst cancer	Yes	62.7	1.810	0.177
	≧65	44.4				No	53
Gender	Male	56.5	3.781	0.052	Lung cancer	Yes	50.8	1.064	0.302
	Female	49.7				No	54.8
Education level	Primary	47.2	7.4	0.025	Breast cancer	Yes	47.7	0.653	0.419
	Middle	57.8
	Advanced	53.3				No	54
Spouse	Yes	54	0.923	0.337	Colorectal cancer	Yes	57.3	0.542	0.461
	No	45.7				No	53.2
Living place	City	52.1	0.626	0.429	Cervical cancer	Yes	42.1	3.281	0.07
	Country	54.9				No	54.5
BMI	1	55	0.686	0.877	Head and neck cancer	Yes	55.8	0.167	0.682
	2	52.8				No	53.4
	3	55.4			Fatigue	Yes	60.9	7.428	0.006
	4	50				No	50.5
Metastasis number	0	47.9	9.45	0.024	Pain	Yes	56.6	37.497	<0.001
	1	56.7				No	14.3
	2	57.3			Constipation	Yes	65.2	15.432	<0.001
	≧3	62.8				No	49.5
Bone metastasis	Yes	59.3	4.6	0.032	Anorexia	Yes	66.3	29.665	<0.001
	No	51.1				No	46.4
Lymph metastasis	Yes	57.8	1.27	0.259	Sleep disorder	Yes	65.6	23.764	<0.001
	No	52.7				No	47.4
Liver metastasis	Yes	62.3	4.344	0.037	Bloating	Yes	57.5	0.753	0.386
	No	52.1				No	53
PS	Good	52.4	1.087	0.297	Cough	Yes	50.6	0.853	0.356
	Poor	56.4				No	54.5
Distress score	Severe	60	0.249	0.618	Nausea and vomiting	Yes	58.3	2.505	0.114
	Mild	53.5				No	52
Barthel index	Severe	51.6	1.963	0.58	Dyspnea	Yes	58.8	1.938	0.164
	Moderate	57
	Slight	52.5
	Independent	50				No	52.5
Background pain level	1	44.7	52.282	<0.001	Symptom number	≦4	45.5	33.764	<0.001
	2	73.7				5–9	65.5
	3	75				≧10	73.3