Craniofacial Morphology of Orthodontic Patients with and without Temporomandibular Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 2

Comparison of craniofacial morphological parameters between patients with and without TMDs.

	Total	No TMD	TMD	P-value
	262 (100.0%)	124 (47.3%)	138 (52.7%)
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Saddle angle (°)	122.91 ± 5.10	123.26 ± 4.41	122.59 ± 5.64	0.378
Articular angle (°)	151.47 ± 6.83	151.04 ± 6.31	151.86 ± 7.26	0.330
Anterior cranial base length (mm)	64.18 ± 3.69	64.38 ± 3.87	63.99 ± 3.53	0.657
Posterior cranial base length (mm)	34.67 ± 3.50	34.71 ± 3.24	34.64 ± 3.73	0.873
SNA (°)	82.04 ± 3.27	81.73 ± 3.23	82.31 ± 3.30	0.156
SNB (°)	79.00 ± 4.24	79.02 ± 3.96	78.98 ± 4.49	0.953
ANB (°)	3.04 ± 3.54	2.72 ± 3.46	3.32 ± 3.59	0.176
FMA (°)	24.08 ± 6.77	23.17 ± 5.95	24.89 ± 7.35	0.039
Gonial angle (°)	118.20 ± 7.60	117.49 ± 6.57	118.83 ± 8.40	0.150
Ramus height (mm)	47.17 ± 5.96	47.20 ± 5.74	47.15 ± 6.17	0.934
Mandibular body length (mm)	70.73 ± 5.24	70.70 ± 5.22	70.76 ± 5.27	0.919
Interincisal angle (°)	124.73 ± 13.99	124.34 ± 13.28	125.08 ± 14.64	0.993
Cant of occlusal plane (°)	7.06 ± 4.78	6.65 ± 4.92	7.44 ± 4.63	0.180
Overjet (mm)	3.75 ± 3.46	3.97 ± 3.42	3.55 ± 3.50	0.227
Overbite (mm)	2.68 ± 2.20	2.83 ± 2.03	2.54 ± 2.34	0.244
Anterior facial height (mm)	116.90 ± 8.29	116.07 ± 7.84	117.65 ± 8.63	0.124
Posterior facial height (mm)	79.23 ± 7.80	79.24 ± 7.37	79.22 ± 8.20	0.982
Wits appraisal (mm)	−0.05 ± 5.15	−0.14 ± 4.63	0.03 ± 5.59	0.473

Independent samples t-test and Mann–Whitney U-test were used. . TMD: temporomandibular disorder, SD: standard deviation.