Positive Preemptive Analgesia Effectiveness of Pregabalin Combined with Celecoxib in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Controlled Randomized Study
Table 1
General characteristics of the patients.
Placebo (n = 36)
Celecoxib alone (n = 38)
Pregabalin alone (n = 38)
Combination (n = 37)
Statistics
value
Age, years
62.6 ± 7.9
61.5 ± 7.1
64.9 ± 7.7
63.0 ± 6.5
F = 1.385
0.251
Sex, male/female
9/27
10/28
8/30
8/29
χ 2 = 0.412
0.938
BMI
24.7 ± 3.8
24.9 ± 4.1
25.3 ± 4.3
25.4 ± 4.1
F = 0.245
0.865
Duration of surgery (min)
883 ± 22.1
84.6 ± 23.2
84.6 ± 27.2
89.9 ± 22.6
F = 0.326
0.806
ASA (I/II/III)
2/24/10
1/25/12
3/27/8
1/23/13
χ 2 = 3.188
0.801
Preoperative pain upon movement (VAS)
6.15 ± 1.14
6.51 ± 1.03
6.69 ± 1.23
6.36 ± 1.17
F = 1.501
0.217
Preoperative pain at rest (VAS)
3.03 ± 1.26
3.30 ± 1.17
3.39 ± 1.42
3.28 ± 1.18
F = 0.564
0.640
HSS score
41.5 ± 4.5
40.3 ± 3.8
39.5 ± 4.5
39.2 ± 4.3
F = 2.092
0.104
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists. HSS score, hospital for special surgery rating scale. VAS, visual analog scale (0: no pain to 10: worst possible pain); Pain upon movement: pain upon maximum flexion. Difference is significant at the level.
