Research Article

A Survey of Neck Pain among Dentists of the Lebanese Community

Table 2

Questionnaire sections and questions per each section with the corresponding choices; first introduced in 1996 [6, 9].

Questionnaire sectionQuestion per sectionChoices

Demographic dataGenderMale
Female
Age25–35 years
36–45 years
46–56 years
>56 years
Type of practiceGovernmental
Private
Both
SpecialtyGeneral dentist
Periodontist endodontist
Prosthodontist
Pedodontist
Maxillofacial surgeon
Orthodontist
Hours of work per week15–30
31–40
41–50
Regular exerciseYes
No
Experiencing pain using vibrating instrumentsYes
No
Cervical flexion for better vision while workingYes
No
Do you have any history of those mentioned below? If yes, please select which one (s)Congenital spinal disease
Spine trauma
Spine surgery
None

ErgonomicsDo you have muscular pain due to dental practice?Yes
No
Are you familiar with the ergonomic posture to perform clinical procedures in your dental practice?Yes
No
Which activities of your clinical practice produce muscular pain? Mark the main activitiesSurgery
Endodontics periodontics
Restorative
Reference the previous question: mark in which zone you feel the painLumbar zone (lower back)
Dorsal zone (mid-back)
Cervical zone (upper back)
Neck
Shoulders
Forearm
Arm
Wrist
Hand
Other:
Are you able to change your work posture, seating or standing, during your practice?Yes
No
Do you frequently change positions during your clinical practice?Yes
No
After finishing clinical practice, do you perform stretching exercises?Yes
No
Are the instruments within hand reach without making strenuous movements?Yes
No
Do you perform torsions or cervical flexions to improve vision when working in the oral cavity?Yes
No
Do you cross your legs while working?Yes
No
On a scale of 0 to 10, what is the intensity of the neck pain?No pain
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Worst pain possible

Neck Disability Index (NDI)NDI subsectionResponseScore
NDI 1: pain intensityI have no neck pain now0
The pain is very mild now1
The pain is moderate now2
The pain is severe now3
The pain is very severe now4
The pain is the worst imaginable now5
NDI 2: personal careI can look after myself normally without causing extra neck pain0
I can look after myself normally, but it causes extra neck pain1
It is painful to look after myself, and I am slow and careful2
I need some help but manage most of my personal care3
I need help every day in most aspects of self-care4
I do not get dressed, I wash with difficulty, and stay in bed5
NDI 3: liftingI can lift heavy weights without causing extra neck pain0
I can lift heavy weights, but it gives me extra neck pain1
Neck pain prevents me from lifting heavy weights off the floor but I can manage if items are conveniently positioned, i.e., on a table2
Neck pain prevents me from lifting heavy weights, but I can manage light weights if they are conveniently positioned3
I can lift only very light weights4
I cannot lift or carry anything at all5
NDI 4: readingI can read as much as I want with no neck pain0
I can read as much as I want with slight neck pain1
I can read as much as I want with moderate neck pain2
I cannot read as much as I want because of moderate neck pain3
I cannot read as much as I want because of severe neck pain4
I cannot read at all5
NDI 5: headachesI have no headaches at all0
I have slight headaches that come infrequently1
I have moderate headaches that come infrequently2
I have moderate headaches that come frequently3
I have severe headaches that come frequently4
I have headaches almost all the time5
NDI 6: concentrationI can concentrate fully without difficulty0
I can concentrate fully with sight difficulty1
I have a fair degree of difficulty concentrating2
I have a lot of difficulty concentrating3
I have a great deal of difficulty concentrating4
I cannot concentrate at all5
NDI 7: workI can do as much work as I want0
I can only do my usual work, but no more1
I can do most of my usual work, but no more2
I cannot do my usual work3
I can hardly do any work at all4
I cannot do any work at all5
NDI 8: drivingI can drive as long as I want without neck pain0
I can drive as long as I want with only slight neck pain1
I can drive as long as I want with moderate neck pain2
I cannot drive as long as I want because of moderate neck pain3
I can hardly drive at all because of severe neck pain4
I cannot drive my car at all because of neck pain5
NDI 9: sleepingI have no trouble sleeping0
My sleep is slightly disturbed for less than 1 hour1
My sleep is mildly disturbed for up to 1-2 hours2
My sleep is moderately disturbed for up to 2-3 hours3
My sleep is greatly disturbed for up to 3–5 hours4
My sleep is completely disturbed for up to 5–7 hours5
NDI 10: recreationI am able to engage in all my recreational activities with no neck pain at all0
I am able to engage in all my recreational activities with some neck pain1
I am able to engage in most, but not all of my recreational activities because of the pain in my neck2
I am able to engage in a few of my recreational activities because of the pain in my neck3
I can hardly do recreational activities due to neck pain4
I cannot do any recreational activities due to neck pain5