Comparison of the Postoperative Analgesic Effects between Ultrasound-Guided Transmuscular Quadratus Lumborum Block and Thoracic Paravertebral Block in Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy Patients: A Randomized, Controlled, and Noninferiority Study

Figure 1

Ultrasound-guided transmuscular quadratus lumborum block (a, b) and thoracic paravertebral block (c, d). AWM: abdominal wall muscle, EPF: extraperitoneal fat, ESM: erector spine muscle, PM: psoas muscle, QLM: quadratus lumborum muscle, P: pleura, PS: paravertebral space, L: lamina, ICM: intercostal muscle, : LA, yellow arrows: needle.

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