Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) Block for Postoperative Pain Management after Open Oncologic Abdominal Surgery
Table 3
Comparison of perioperative outcomes as median (IQR).
Control group
ESP group
P value
(n = 50)
(n = 50)
Length of hospital stay (days, median (IQR))
4 (3–5)
3 (2–5)
0.68
VAS ascore postoperative (mg, median (IQR))
An admission to PACU
0 (0)
0 (0)
0.15
At 60 min
2 (2-3)
1 (1-2)
<0.001
At 4 hoursb
4 (3-5)
2 (1-3)
<0.001
At 8 hours
5 (4-5)
3 (2-3)
<0.001
At 12 hours
5 (4.75–5.25)
2 (2-3)
<0.001
At 24 hours
5 (4-5)
5 (5-6)
<0.001
At 48 hours
3 (3-4)
4 (3-4)
0.01
Opioid postoperative treatment (mg, median (IQR))
An admission to PACU
10 (10-10)
10 (5–10)
0.002
At 60 min
10 (5–10)
5 (0–5)
<0.001
At 4 hours
1 (0–3)
0 (0)
<0.001
At 8 hours
1.5 (0–3)
0 (0–0.75)
<0.001
At 12 hours
0 (0–3)
0 (0)
0.0017
At 24 hours
0 (0–0.75)
1.5 (0–3)
0.002
At 48 hours
0 (0)
0 (0)
0.15
Additional non-opioid postoperative analgesia cmanagement (n, median (IQR))
At 4 hours
0 (0-1)
0 (0)
<0.001
At 8 hours
1 (0-1)
0 (0-1)
<0.001
At 12 hours
1 (0-1)
0 (0)
<0.001
At 24 hours
0 (0-1)
1 (0-1)
0.159
At 48 hours
1 (0-1)
0 (0)
<0.001
Control group: patients received standard pain control treatment; ESP group: patients received ESP block in addition to standard pain control treatment. Data are considered statistically significant if .aVAS: Visual Analog Scale for pain assessment. bAt the regular general surgery ward. cNon-opioid postoperative analgesic management includes 125 mg IV tramadol + 1.25 g PO metamizole.
