Contribution of Cytogenetics to the Debate on the Paraphyly of Pachycondyla spp. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Ponerinae)

Table 1

List of species considered here, generic classification according to Kempf, 1972 [5]; Brown [6] in Bolton, 1995 [2]; Schmidt’s (2009) proposition for genera names; Pachycondyla species complex according to MacKay and MacKay’s [4] and taxonomic unit names used in this study and based on ecological, cytogenetic, and morphological evidences.

Pachycondyla species	Genera according to Kempf, 1972 [5]	Genus according to Brown in Bolton, 1995 [2]	Schmidt’s (2009) genera name proposition	MacKay and MacKay’s [4] Pachycondyla species complex	Name of the taxonomic unit used in this study
Pachycondyla apicalis (Latreille, 1802)	Neoponera	Pachycondyla	Neoponera	apicalis	Neoponera-apicalis
Pachycondyla arhuaca (Forel, 1901)	Mesoponera	Pachycondyla	Pachycondyla (Incertae Sedis)	arhuaca	—
Pachycondyla carinulata (Roger, 1861)	Neoponera	Pachycondyla	Neoponera	crenata	Neoponera-crenata
Pachycondyla concava (Mackay and Mackay, 2010)	—	Pachycondyla	—	emiliae	Neoponera-emiliae
Pachycondyla constricta (Mayr, 1884)	Mesoponera	Pachycondyla	Mayaponera	constricta	—
Pachycondyla crassinoda (Latreille, 1802)	Pachycondyla	Pachycondyla	Pachycondyla	crassinoda	Pachycondyla
Pachycondyla crenata (F Smith, 1858)	Neoponera	Pachycondyla	Neoponera	crenata	Neoponera-crenata
Pachycondyla curvinodis (Forel, 1899)	Neoponera	Pachycondyla	Neoponera	foetida	Neoponera-foetida
Pachycondyla gilberti (Kempf, 1960)	Trachymesopus	Pachycondyla	Pseudoponera	stigma	Pseudoponera
Pachycondyla goeldii (Forel, 1912)	Neoponera	Pachycondyla	Neoponera	crenata	Neoponera-crenata
Pachycondyla harpax (Fabricius, 1804)	Pachycondyla	Pachycondyla	Pachycondyla	crassinoda	Pachycondyla
Pachycondyla impressa (Roger, 1861)	Pachycondyla	Pachycondyla	Pachycondyla	crassinoda	Pachycondyla
Pachycondyla inversa (F Smith, 1858)	Neoponera	Pachycondyla	Neoponera	foetida	Neoponera-foetida
Pachycondyla marginata (Roger, 1861)	Termitopone	Pachycondyla	Neoponera	laevigata	Neoponera
Pachycondyla metanotalis (Luederwaldt, 1918)	Pachycondyla	Pachycondyla	Neoponera	emiliae	Pachycondyla
Pachycondyla moesta (Mayr, 1870)	Neoponera	Pachycondyla	Neoponera	crenata	Neoponera-crenata
Pachycondyla stigma (Fabricius, 1804)	Trachymesopus	Pachycondyla	Pseudoponera	stigma	Pseudoponera
Pachycondyla striata (Smith, 1858)	Pachycondyla	Pachycondyla	Pachycondyla	crassinoda	Pachycondyla
Pachycondyla succedanea (Roger, 1863)	Trachymesopus	Pachycondyla	Pseudoponera	stigma	Pseudoponera
Pachycondyla unidentata (Mayr, 1862)	Neoponera	Pachycondyla	Neoponera	crenata	Neoponera-crenata
Pachycondyla venusta (Forel, 1912)	Neoponera	Pachycondyla	—	emiliae	Neoponera-emiliae
Pachycondyla verenae (Forel, 1922)	Neoponera	Pachycondyla	Neoponera	apicalis	Neoponera-verenae
Pachycondyla villosa (Fabricius, 1804)	Neoponera	Pachycondyla	Neoponera	foetida	Neoponera-foetida