Research Article
Prevalence of Depression among Type-II Diabetic Patients Attending the Diabetic Clinic at Arar National Guard Primary Health Care Center, Saudi Arabia
Table 2
Depression among type-II diabetic patients (
) in relation to their clinical data.
| Characteristic | Total no (%) | Depression no (%) | value | Odds ratio | 95% CI |
| Clinical data: | | | | | | Family history of DM: | | | | | | No | 233 (58.7%) | 79 (33.9%) | | r | | Yes | 164 (41.3%) | 68 (41.5%) | 0.12 | 1.38 | (0.91-2.08) | Duration of DM: | | | | | | <5 y | 157 (39.6%) | 24 (15.3%) | | r | | 5-9 y | 197 (49.6%) | 101 (51.3%) | 0.0001 | 5.83 | (3.48-9.77) | 10+ | 43 (10.8%) | 22 (51.2%) | 0.0001 | 5.80 | (2.78-12.15) | Type of treatment: | | | | | | Oral hypoglycemic drugs | 179 (45.1%) | 29 (16.2%) | | r | | Insulin only | 47 (11.8%) | 21 (44.7%) | 0.0001 | 4.18 | (2.07-8.41) | Both | 171 (43.1%) | 97 (56.7%) | 0.0001 | 6.78 | (4.11-11.17) | Compliance to diet: | | | | | | No | 175 (44.1%) | 80 (45.7%) | 0.001 | 1.95 | (1.28-2.94) | Yes | 222 (55.9%) | 67 (30.2%) | | r | | Compliance to physical activity: | | | | | | No | 218 (54.9%) | 104 (47.7%) | <.0001 | 2.88 | (1.86-4.45) | Yes | 179 (45.1%) | 43 (24%) | | r | | Compliance to medications: | | | | | | No | 65 (16.4%) | 25 (38.5%) | 0.79 | 1.07 | (0.62-1.85) | Yes | 332 (83.6%) | 122 (36.7%) | | r | | Compliance to regular foot examination: | | | | | | No | 187 (47.1%) | 73 (39%) | 0.43 | 1.17 | (0.78-1.77) | Yes | 210 (52.9%) | 74 (35.2%) | | r | | Compliance to daily blood sugar measurement: | | | | | | No | 290 (73%) | 114 (39.3%) | 0.12 | 1.45 | (0.90-2.33) | Yes | 107 (27%) | 33 (30.8%) | | r | | Complications of DM: | | | | | | Retinopathy | | | | | | No | 311 (78.3%) | 107 (34.4%) | | r | | Yes | 86 (21.7%) | 40 (46.5%) | 0.039 | 1.66 | (1.02-2.69) | Nephropathy | | | | | | No | 371 (93.5%) | 132 (35.6%) | | r | | Yes | 26 (6.5%) | 15 (57.7%) | 0.023 | 2.47 | (1.10-5.53) | Neuropathy | | | | | | No | 338 (85.1%) | 107 (31.7%) | | r | | Yes | 59 (14.9%) | 40 (67.8%) | <.0001 | 4.55 | (2.51-8.22) | Libido | | | | | | No | 331 (83.4%) | 100 (30.2%) | | r | | Yes | 66 (16.6%) | 47 (71.2%) | 0.0001 | 5.71 | (3.19-10.22) | Family history of depression | | | | | | No | 383 (96.5%) | 138 (36%) | | r | | Yes | 14 (3.5) | 9 (64.3) | 0.03 | 3.19 | (1.05-9.72) |
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r: reference category; CI: confidence interval.
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