Comparison of Intracranial and Extracranial Carotid Artery Calcifications between Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients and Healthy Individuals: A Combined Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Polysomnographic Study

Table 4

Statistical analysis of carotid artery calcifications among OSA patients according to AHI groups.

		AHI Group										Chi-square analysis
		<5		5–15		15–30		>30		Total		value
		n	(%)	n	(%)	n	(%)	n	(%)	n	(%)
Right intracranial	No calcification	17	77.3	16	80.0	12	63.2	17	50.0	62	65.3	0.045
	1	3	13.6	4	20.0	0	0.0	10	29.4	17	17.9
	2	1	4.5	0	0.0	3	15.8	4	11.8	8	8.4
	3	0	0.0	1	4.5	3	15.8	3	8.8	7	7.4
	4	0	0.0	0	0.0	1	5.3	0	0.0	1	1.1
	Total calcification	4	100.0	5	100.0	7	100.0	17	100.0	95	100.0
Left intracranial	No calcification	19	86.4	17	85.0	14	73.7	19	55.9	69	72.6	0.095
	1	2	9.1	3	15.0	1	5.3	10	29.4	16	16.8
	2	0	0.0	0	0.0	2	10.5	2	5.9	4	4.2
	3	1	4.5	0	0.0	1	5.3	3	8.8	5	5.3
	4	0	0.0	0	0.0	1	5.3	0	0.0	1	1.1
	Total calcification	3	100.0	3	100.0	5	100.0	12	100.0	95	100.0
Unilateral-bilateral intracranial	No calcification	17	77.3	14	70.0	11	57.9	10	29.4	52	54.7	0.005
	Unilateral	2	9.1	5	25.0	4	21.1	17	50.0	28	29.5
	Bilateral	3	13.6	1	5.0	4	21.1	7	20.6	15	15.8
	Total calcification	5	100.0	6	100.0	8	100.0	24	100.0	95	100.0
Right extracranial	No calcification	19	86.4	17	85.0	14	73.7	27	79.4	77	81.1	0.167
	1	0	0.0	0	0.0	1	5.3	2	5.9	3	3.2
	2	2	9.1	3	15.0	0	0.0	4	11.8	9	9.5
	3	1	4.5	0	0.0	2	10.5	1	2.9	4	4.2
	4	0	0.0	0	0.0	2	10.5	0	0.0	2	2.1
	Total calcification	3	100.0	3	100.0	5	100.0	7	100.0	95	100.0
Left extracranial	No calcification	18	81.8	15	75.0	15	78.9	30	88.2	78	82.1	0.737
	1	0	0.0	1	5.0	1	5.3	1	2.9	3	3.2
	2	4	18.2	2	5.9	1	5.3	3	15.0	10	10.5
	3	0	0.0	1	5.0	1	5.3	1	2.9	3	3.2
	4	0	0.0	0	0.0	1	5.3	0	0.0	1	1.1
	Total calcification	4	100.0	4	100.0	4	100.0	5	100.0	95	100.0
Unilateral-bilateral extracranial	No calcification	16	72.7	14	70.0	13	68.4	24	70.6	67	70.5	0.861
	Unilateral	5	22.7	5	25.0	3	15.8	8	23.5	21	22.1
	Bilateral	1	4.5	1	5.0	3	15.8	2	5.9	7	7.4
	Total calcification	6	100.0	6	100.0	6	100.0	10	100.0	95	100.0
At least one carotid artery calcification	No calcification	14	63.6	10	50.0	9	52.6	7	20.6	41	43.2	0.011
	Calcification	8	36.4	10	50.0	10	47.4	27	79.4	54	56.8

Bold values show statistical significance ().