Research Article

International Air Travel to Ohio, USA, and the Impact on Malaria, Influenza, and Hepatitis A

Table 1

Risk ratios of infectious diseases by exposure to high enplanement or international air travel in Ohio from 2010 through 2014 (total population = 11,544,225) with 95% confidence intervals.

Status ExposureExposed casesExposed controlsUnexposed casesUnexposed controlsRisk ratioLower Upper

Any hepatitis A, influenza hospitalization, or malariaInternational travel1411,676,13113,3699,854,5840.0620.030.07
MalariaInternational travel721,676,2001559,867,7982.7352.073.62
Any hepatitis A, influenza hospitalizationInternational travel691,676,20313,2149,854,7390.0310.020.04
Any hepatitis A, influenza hospitalization, or malariaHigh enplanement8,8216,592,8124,6894,937,9031.4081.361.46
MalariaHigh enplanement1876,601,446404,942,5523.5002.494.92
Any hepatitis A, influenza hospitalizationHigh enplanement86346,592,9994,6494,937,9431.3901.341.44

Note. Hepatitis A and influenza hospitalization in this research were considered endemic or seasonal, respectively, while malaria was considered a nonendemic, nonautochthonous disease. Airports with high enplanement defined as greater than 40,000 (boarding per year) serving Ohio include Cleveland-Hopkins International, Port Columbus International, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International, James M. Cox Dayton International, Akron-Canton Regional, Toledo Express, and Youngstown-Warren Regional. International travel was defined as residents of Ohio issued US passports from 2010 through 2014.