Enhancement of Mycophenolate Mofetil Permeation for Topical Use by Eucalyptol and N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone

Table 3

The skin permeation flux, ER, and lag time of MMF and MPA at various combination ratios of eucalyptol and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

No enhancer

Combination ratios of mix enhancers (eucalyptol : N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) (% w/v)

MMF 300 μg/mL

5 : 5

5 : 10

10 : 5

10 : 10

Flux (μg/h/cm^2)

Lag time (h)

Flux (μg/h/cm^2)

ER

Lag time (h)

Flux (μg/h/cm^2)

ER

Lag time (h)

Flux (μg/h/cm^2)

ER

Lag time (h)

Flux (μg/h/cm^2)

ER

Lag time (h)

MMF

0.23 ± 0.05

12

1.93 ± 0.61

8.21

2

1.20 ± 0.22

5.13

2

0.20 ± 0.14

0.85

2

1.02 ± 0.78

4.37

2

MPA

0.78 ± 0.03

6

1.37 ± 0.18

1.75

2

1.64 ± 0.19

2.10

2

1.07 ± 0.03

1.37

2

0.84 ± 0.04

1.07

2

Results are expressed as the mean ± SD of at least three experiments. There were the significant different values of skin permeation flux of MMF and MPA, and , respectively, when compared with no enhancer of 300 μg/mL MMF solution in each drug.