Research Article

Temporomandibular Disorders among Dental Students in Pakistan: Assessment of Prevalence, Severity, and Associated Factors Based on Questionnaire

Table 2

TMD score and its relationship with demographic factors among study participants.

Study variablesN (%)
N = 323
Mean TMD score value

Gender
 Male170 (52.6)30.56 ± 27.050.453
 Female153 (47.4)32.64 ± 22.22
Academic year
Preclinical years102 (31.6)32.82 ± 25.610.174
 Clinical years221 (68.4)28.77 ± 23.03
Academic score in the previous year
 Low174 (53.9)31.14 ± 23.600.733
 High149 (46.1)32.09 ± 26.4
Father’s education level
 No/school education62 (19.2)40.32 ± 31.220.002
 College/university education261 (80.8)29.46 ± 22.67
Mother’s education level
 No/school education79 (24.5)37.15 ± 31.410.021
 College/university education244 (75.5)29.73 ± 22.11
Monthly family income (N = 195)
 Low/middle48 (24.6)38.12 ± 32.480.098
 High147 (75.4)30.77 ± 24.38