Research Article

Temporomandibular Disorders among Dental Students in Pakistan: Assessment of Prevalence, Severity, and Associated Factors Based on Questionnaire

Table 5

Multiple logistic regression analysis: association of different factors with moderate/severe TMD among the study participants.

Study variablesAdjusted odds ratio (CI 95%) value

Father’s education level
 No/school education1.81 (0.72, 4.55)0.203
 College/university education
Mother’s education level
 No/school education1.87 (0.79, 4.40)0.152
 College/university education
Monthly family income
 Low/middle0.90 (0.37, 2.19)0.814
 High
Arthritis
 Yes4.71 (1.06, 20.97)0.042
 No
Malocclusion
 Yes3.57 (1.14, 11.23)0.029
 No
Orthodontic treatment
 Yes1.69 (0.56, 5.07)0.350
 No