A Bitwise Design and Implementation for Privacy-Preserving Data Mining: From Atomic Operations to Advanced Algorithms

Table 4

Execution time of designed homomorphic atomic operation.

Operation	Estimation (s)	Execution (s)	Error (%)
Addition	0.916	0.917	0.10
2’s complement	0.345	0.351	1.73
Subtraction	0.916	0.919	0.32
Equivalent comparison	0.369	0.375	1.62
Large (small) comparison	0.548	0.548	0
Absolute value	0.703	0.712	1.28
Multiplication_8	5.334	5.396	1.11
Multiplication_16	19.759	19.898	0.70
Multiplication_32	76.028	77.413	1.82
Division_8	7.551	7.772	2.92
Division_16	30.108	30.553	1.47
Division_32	120.38	121.781	1.16