Research Article

Exposing Spoofing Attack on Flocking-Based Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Cluster: A Threat to Swarm Intelligence

Table 1

Desired heading angles based on different policies in the flocking algorithm.

PoliciesDesired heading anglesNotation

Cohesion: the centroid of all UAVs in sensor range

Dispersion: the centroid of all UAVs within the range

Following

: the coordinate of the randomly selected UAV
: the coordinate of the nearest UAV

Homing: the destination coordinate

Alignment: the heading angle of -th UAV

Combined
: weights