[Retracted] Systematic Assessment of the Interoperability Requirements and Challenges of Secure Blockchain-Based Electronic Health Records

Table 4

Blockchain-based interoperable standard for EHRs.

Ref.	Blockchain-based standard available	Description
[26]	FHIR	HL7-based resource containing data attributes
		Standard compliance of FHIR for information exchange
[27]	HL7	FHIR-based emerging standard
		Robust performance on small devices
[28]	HITECH	Transformation of the healthcare system
		Interoperability, HER certification, and MIPS
[29]	PHR	Used HL7 for fast data sharing and tethering
		PHR and EHIR interchangeability using APIs
[30]	Open EHR	Designed EHR through open-source elements
		Validation of EHR standards through clinical implementations
[31]	DICOM	Secure transfer of medical images and health history
		APIs for different health system integrations
[32]	SNOMED CT	Present clinical methods in EHRs
		Accuracy, interoperability, and consistency
[33]	CEN/ISO EN13606	Semantic standards for EHR information sharing
		Privacy and security standards for interface access
[34]	HIPAA	Privacy standards for patient’s data security
		Confident interoperable system for EHR