A Secure and Privacy-Preserving Medical Data Sharing via Consortium Blockchain

<table class="table-group" id="tab8"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Entities</td><td class="align_center"><svg height="9.16851pt" id="M236" style="vertical-align:-0.2455301pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.92298 9.79486 9.16851" width="9.79486pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M397 143C384 252 309 299 234 299C151 299 67 242 67 142C67 29 167 -15 264 -15C419 -15 547 68 547 204C547 336 385 381 385 491C385 582 483 644 560 644C613 644 668 624 668 563C668 499 620 463 559 456V435C627 435 701 491 701 564C701 648 628 680 561 680C454 680 308 615 308 472C308 340 465 297 465 191C465 75 365 15 272 15C192 15 129 67 129 137C129 212 192 256 241 256C296 256 345 244 377 139L397 143Z"></path></g></svg>&amp;<svg height="9.25986pt" id="M237" style="vertical-align:-0.2455397pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.01432 12.4177 9.25986" width="12.4177pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M852 669C820 657 792 643 768 628C705 667 627 687 547 687C310 687 154 548 154 412C154 332 212 282 296 282C434 282 515 426 523 557H503C474 402 410 312 298 312C241 312 195 352 195 408C195 535 341 657 546 657C613 657 683 644 738 609C640 538 574 431 486 271C374 71 314 16 189 16C118 16 69 60 69 95H71C78 84 93 83 101 83C129 83 144 106 144 131C144 160 121 179 93 179C60 179 34 151 34 108C34 42 100 -15 207 -15C364 -15 491 73 603 304C614 297 639 293 650 293C681 293 683 254 683 245C683 181 599 150 599 70C599 21 645 -12 692 -12C747 -12 804 30 868 103L851 119C789 52 741 18 706 18C685 18 674 29 674 52C674 92 750 157 750 226C750 257 727 287 696 310V312C812 315 876 394 876 473C876 525 849 577 793 612C812 627 832 639 859 650L852 669ZM814 486C814 417 765 345 686 337C669 348 649 354 626 354C673 451 708 533 766 588C799 561 814 525 814 486Z"></path></g></svg>/<svg height="9.16851pt" id="M238" style="vertical-align:-0.2455301pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.92298 9.12938 9.16851" width="9.12938pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M663 549C663 621 608 680 521 680C283 680 82 444 82 188C82 80 142 -15 258 -15C466 -15 637 203 637 396C637 502 561 542 497 542C414 542 336 469 336 362C336 331 339 284 371 232L393 242C369 289 366 322 366 347C366 448 430 506 494 506C539 506 586 470 586 396C586 266 508 157 469 118C409 57 343 15 256 15C179 15 142 78 142 150C142 331 347 645 517 645C590 645 624 603 643 547L663 549Z"></path></g></svg></td><td class="align_center"><svg height="9.16851pt" id="M239" style="vertical-align:-0.2455301pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.92298 9.12938 9.16851" width="9.12938pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M663 549C663 621 608 680 521 680C283 680 82 444 82 188C82 80 142 -15 258 -15C466 -15 637 203 637 396C637 502 561 542 497 542C414 542 336 469 336 362C336 331 339 284 371 232L393 242C369 289 366 322 366 347C366 448 430 506 494 506C539 506 586 470 586 396C586 266 508 157 469 118C409 57 343 15 256 15C179 15 142 78 142 150C142 331 347 645 517 645C590 645 624 603 643 547L663 549Z"></path></g></svg>&amp; server</td><td class="align_center"><svg height="9.25986pt" id="M240" style="vertical-align:-0.2455397pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.01432 12.4177 9.25986" width="12.4177pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M852 669C820 657 792 643 768 628C705 667 627 687 547 687C310 687 154 548 154 412C154 332 212 282 296 282C434 282 515 426 523 557H503C474 402 410 312 298 312C241 312 195 352 195 408C195 535 341 657 546 657C613 657 683 644 738 609C640 538 574 431 486 271C374 71 314 16 189 16C118 16 69 60 69 95H71C78 84 93 83 101 83C129 83 144 106 144 131C144 160 121 179 93 179C60 179 34 151 34 108C34 42 100 -15 207 -15C364 -15 491 73 603 304C614 297 639 293 650 293C681 293 683 254 683 245C683 181 599 150 599 70C599 21 645 -12 692 -12C747 -12 804 30 868 103L851 119C789 52 741 18 706 18C685 18 674 29 674 52C674 92 750 157 750 226C750 257 727 287 696 310V312C812 315 876 394 876 473C876 525 849 577 793 612C812 627 832 639 859 650L852 669ZM814 486C814 417 765 345 686 337C669 348 649 354 626 354C673 451 708 533 766 588C799 561 814 525 814 486Z"></path></g></svg>&amp; server</td><td class="align_center"><svg height="9.25986pt" id="M241" style="vertical-align:-0.2455397pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.01432 12.4177 9.25986" width="12.4177pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M852 669C820 657 792 643 768 628C705 667 627 687 547 687C310 687 154 548 154 412C154 332 212 282 296 282C434 282 515 426 523 557H503C474 402 410 312 298 312C241 312 195 352 195 408C195 535 341 657 546 657C613 657 683 644 738 609C640 538 574 431 486 271C374 71 314 16 189 16C118 16 69 60 69 95H71C78 84 93 83 101 83C129 83 144 106 144 131C144 160 121 179 93 179C60 179 34 151 34 108C34 42 100 -15 207 -15C364 -15 491 73 603 304C614 297 639 293 650 293C681 293 683 254 683 245C683 181 599 150 599 70C599 21 645 -12 692 -12C747 -12 804 30 868 103L851 119C789 52 741 18 706 18C685 18 674 29 674 52C674 92 750 157 750 226C750 257 727 287 696 310V312C812 315 876 394 876 473C876 525 849 577 793 612C812 627 832 639 859 650L852 669ZM814 486C814 417 765 345 686 337C669 348 649 354 626 354C673 451 708 533 766 588C799 561 814 525 814 486Z"></path></g></svg>&amp;<svg height="9.16851pt" id="M242" style="vertical-align:-0.2455301pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.92298 9.12938 9.16851" width="9.12938pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M663 549C663 621 608 680 521 680C283 680 82 444 82 188C82 80 142 -15 258 -15C466 -15 637 203 637 396C637 502 561 542 497 542C414 542 336 469 336 362C336 331 339 284 371 232L393 242C369 289 366 322 366 347C366 448 430 506 494 506C539 506 586 470 586 396C586 266 508 157 469 118C409 57 343 15 256 15C179 15 142 78 142 150C142 331 347 645 517 645C590 645 624 603 643 547L663 549Z"></path></g></svg></td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Communication cost</td><td class="align_center">2<sup>∗</sup><span class="nowrap"><svg height="12.5794pt" id="M243" style="vertical-align:-3.29107pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 15.9522 12.5794" width="15.9522pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M162 -163V703H101V-163H162Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,3.419,0)"><path d="M452 333C452 398 425 448 375 448C329 448 235 404 140 292H138L229 683C233 701 234 712 225 712C208 712 149 686 66 677L64 652H97C135 652 140 651 129 598L38 167C23 96 29 57 44 33C60 7 98 -12 132 -12C169 -12 232 3 290 41C383 102 452 223 452 333ZM365 316C365 199 308 87 239 49C221 39 200 35 183 35C137 35 99 70 112 163C116 191 123 215 129 233C190 316 290 392 330 392C348 392 365 372 365 316Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.411,3.132)"><path d="M357 391C357 416 325 451 270 451C241 451 179 431 146 400C109 365 97 334 97 307C97 248 143 213 196 180C250 146 261 123 261 101C261 75 237 40 190 40C153 40 110 72 86 109C81 116 68 119 55 112C37 102 24 87 24 66C24 30 85 -12 137 -12C229 -12 331 62 331 140C331 189 304 218 236 260C197 284 164 309 164 346C164 381 194 400 220 400C259 400 282 380 304 350C310 342 321 339 330 344C347 353 357 372 357 391Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.389,0)"><path d="M162 -163V703H101V-163H162Z"></path></g></svg>.</span>ECDSA</td><td class="align_center"><span class="nowrap"><svg height="12.5794pt" id="M244" style="vertical-align:-3.29107pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 16.2262 12.5794" width="16.2262pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M162 -163V703H101V-163H162Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,3.419,0)"><path d="M452 333C452 398 425 448 375 448C329 448 235 404 140 292H138L229 683C233 701 234 712 225 712C208 712 149 686 66 677L64 652H97C135 652 140 651 129 598L38 167C23 96 29 57 44 33C60 7 98 -12 132 -12C169 -12 232 3 290 41C383 102 452 223 452 333ZM365 316C365 199 308 87 239 49C221 39 200 35 183 35C137 35 99 70 112 163C116 191 123 215 129 233C190 316 290 392 330 392C348 392 365 372 365 316Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.411,3.132)"><path d="M387 400C387 425 348 451 303 451C247 451 176 414 132 376C69 322 24 228 24 148C24 43 74 -12 147 -12C211 -12 301 33 363 103L346 128C319 99 249 51 193 51C148 51 112 84 112 165C112 230 130 287 154 330C170 359 199 400 243 400C277 400 304 383 326 354C333 345 343 343 354 348C378 360 387 382 387 400Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.663,0)"><path d="M162 -163V703H101V-163H162Z"></path></g></svg>.</span>AES</td><td class="align_center"><span class="nowrap"><svg height="12.5794pt" id="M245" style="vertical-align:-3.29107pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 16.2262 12.5794" width="16.2262pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M162 -163V703H101V-163H162Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,3.419,0)"><path d="M452 333C452 398 425 448 375 448C329 448 235 404 140 292H138L229 683C233 701 234 712 225 712C208 712 149 686 66 677L64 652H97C135 652 140 651 129 598L38 167C23 96 29 57 44 33C60 7 98 -12 132 -12C169 -12 232 3 290 41C383 102 452 223 452 333ZM365 316C365 199 308 87 239 49C221 39 200 35 183 35C137 35 99 70 112 163C116 191 123 215 129 233C190 316 290 392 330 392C348 392 365 372 365 316Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.411,3.132)"><path d="M387 400C387 425 348 451 303 451C247 451 176 414 132 376C69 322 24 228 24 148C24 43 74 -12 147 -12C211 -12 301 33 363 103L346 128C319 99 249 51 193 51C148 51 112 84 112 165C112 230 130 287 154 330C170 359 199 400 243 400C277 400 304 383 326 354C333 345 343 343 354 348C378 360 387 382 387 400Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.663,0)"><path d="M162 -163V703H101V-163H162Z"></path></g></svg>.</span>AES</td><td class="align_center"><span class="nowrap"><svg height="12.5794pt" id="M246" style="vertical-align:-3.29107pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 16.2262 12.5794" width="16.2262pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M162 -163V703H101V-163H162Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,3.419,0)"><path d="M452 333C452 398 425 448 375 448C329 448 235 404 140 292H138L229 683C233 701 234 712 225 712C208 712 149 686 66 677L64 652H97C135 652 140 651 129 598L38 167C23 96 29 57 44 33C60 7 98 -12 132 -12C169 -12 232 3 290 41C383 102 452 223 452 333ZM365 316C365 199 308 87 239 49C221 39 200 35 183 35C137 35 99 70 112 163C116 191 123 215 129 233C190 316 290 392 330 392C348 392 365 372 365 316Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.411,3.132)"><path d="M387 400C387 425 348 451 303 451C247 451 176 414 132 376C69 322 24 228 24 148C24 43 74 -12 147 -12C211 -12 301 33 363 103L346 128C319 99 249 51 193 51C148 51 112 84 112 165C112 230 130 287 154 330C170 359 199 400 243 400C277 400 304 383 326 354C333 345 343 343 354 348C378 360 387 382 387 400Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.663,0)"><path d="M162 -163V703H101V-163H162Z"></path></g></svg>.</span>ECELG</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="5"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Communication cost between the entities.</div>

Security and Communication Networks

tab8

Table 8

Table 8: A Secure and Privacy-Preserving Medical Data Sharing via Consortium Blockchain 