Research Article

[Retracted] Anonymous Traceability Protocol Based on Group Signature for Blockchain

Table 1

Time complexity of each operation [31].

OperationTime complexity

Scalar multiplication operation S1S ≈ 29M
Addition of points A1A ≈ 0.11M
Bilinear pair operation P1P ≈ 87M
Power multiplication operation E1E ≈ 21M
HASH hIgnore