Research Article

Geometry-Based Stochastic Model and Statistical Characteristic Analysis of Cell-Free Massive MIMO Channels

Table 1

Definition of parameters.

ParametersDefinition

Carrier wavelength
Carrier frequency
Antenna spacing
Speed of the user
Azimuth angle of the user’s movement direction
Rician factor
Doppler frequency
Maximum Doppler frequency with respect to the user
, Distribution radii of scatterers around the AP and user, respectively
Normalized power coefficient of the single scattering path
Normalized power coefficient of the double scattering path
, Initial random phase of the LoS for single and double scattering paths, respectively
Distance between the q-th AP p-th antenna and user
Distance between the q-th AP p-th antenna and the cluster of scatterers through the single scattering path
Distance between the cluster of scatterers and the user through the single scattering path
Distance between the and the clusters of scatterers through the double scattering path
, AAoD/EAoD between the q-th AP p-th antenna and the user through the LoS path
, AAoA/EAoA between the q-th AP p-th antenna and the user through the LoS path
, AAoD/EAoD between the q-th AP p-th antenna and the cluster of scatterers through the single scattering path
, AAoA/EAoA between the cluster of scatterers and user through the single scattering path
, Elevation angle and azimuth angle between the hemisphere center and the cluster of scatterers
Time delay between the q-th AP p-th antenna and user through the LoS path
Time delay between the q-th AP p-th antenna and the cluster of scatterers through the single scattering path
Time delay between the and the cluster of scatterers through the double scattering path