[Retracted] A Study on Factors Influencing the Use of Unmanned Driving Technology Based on TAM Model

Table 1

Questionnaire.

Variable	No.	Measurement item	Source
Perceived usefulness	YA1	Autonomous driving (AD) is helpful when I’m too exhausted to drive.	Fagnant D. J. [6]
	YA2	The superiority of AD meets my needs when I drive.
	YA3	AD and manual driving can both satisfy my needs.
	YA4	AD enables people with poor driving skills to avoid potential accidents.
Perceived ease of use	YB1	With AD, instead of MD, drives become more relaxed physically and mentally.	C. F. Chen [7]
	YB2	AD is easier to use than MD.
	YB3	AD is easier to learn than traditional MD.
	YB4	I’m proficient in operating the phone and other systems supporting AD.
Perceived enjoyment	YC1	AD brings me a new experience.	Payre W. [2]
	YC2	AD can ease my driving stress.
	YC3	I’ll enjoy AD’s high-tech vibe.
	YC4	The AD-oriented trend is bound to sweep the world.
Perceived risk	YD1	I’m afraid AD has security issues.	J. Jansson [3]
	YD2	I’m afraid AD might be out of control.
	YD3	I’m afraid AD might be hacked.
	YD4	I’m afraid bad communications network and other factors might influence driving.
Perceived cost	YE1	AD increases the cost of the vehicle.	Krueger [8]
	YE2	I need to pay for more vehicle software service if I apply AD.
	YE3	AD’s unpredictability will result in more traffic accident requiring damages.
	YE4	I have to learn more emergence responses if I apply AD.
Conformity	YF1	I’d like to have a try if someone I know has an AD vehicle.	Zhang [9]
	YF2	I’ll accept AD if it is used by most of the public.
	YF3	I’d like to have a try if someone I know speaks high of it.
	YF4	I think AD is cool.
Intention to use	YG1	I’ll buy an AD vehicle.	Gefen D. [10]
	YG2	I’ll add AD feature to my vehicle.
	YG3	I’ll depend on AD more than MD.