[Retracted] Design and Implementation of Cloud Computing Network Security Virtual Computing and Defense Technology

Table 1

Description of symbols in remote authentication protocol based on hash signature technology.

Symbol	Meaning
(M)K	Symmetric key K to encrypt M
[M]SK	Private key K to perform asymmetric cryptographic operation on M
{M}PK	Asymmetric cryptographic operation on m using public key K
||	Connection operation
K	Session key
PK	Asymmetric cryptographic public key
SK	Asymmetric password private key
APK	Public key for user trusted authentication (for hash-based signature)
ASK	Private key for trusted authentication (for hash signature-based authentication)
X id	Identification of parameter x in trusted verification
ɑ, β, γ	The protocol is used to protect the signature of message integrity
N i	Random number used in protocol session