GRACED: A Novel Fragile Watermarking for Speech Based on Endpoint Detection

Table 2

BER comparison of different after common signal processing.

BER	Male	Female	Child
Without attack	0.00	0.00	0.00
AWGN	0.34	0.47	0.50
Low-pass filtering	0.49	0.50	0.50
Requantization	0.49	0.50	0.50
Compression	0.50	0.50	0.51
Resampling	0.56	0.54	0.59