SEMDA: Secure and Efficient Multidimensional Data Aggregation in Smart Grid without a Trusted Third Party

Table 5

Computing overhead at each stage.

Users = 500	Stage
Dimension = 10	Encryption	Aggregation	Batch verification	Decryption
Time (m·s)	4.37	4.50	1847	3.22
Proportion	0.24%	0.24%	99.35%	0.17%