Modified Bat Algorithm Based on Lévy Flight and Opposition Based Learning

Algorithm 1

Basic Bat Algorithm.

(1) Input the parameters.

(2) Set . Initialize the position and velocity of each individual in the population.

(3) Evaluate the objective function and related parameter values of each individual.

(4) While    do

(5) Generate new solutions using Eq. (2)~Eq. (4).

(6) if  

(7)  Generate a new local solution around the selected solution using Eq. (5).

(8) end if

(9) if   and

(10)  update the solution, loudness and pulse emission rate by Eq. (6).

(11)  end if

(12) end while

(13) Output the individual with the smallest objective function value in the population.