A Novel Multimean Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Nonlinear Continuous Optimization: Application to Feed-Forward Neural Network Training

Algorithm 1

The pseudocode of the PSO algorithm.

Initialize all particles of the swarm with randomly generated position and velocity

Repeat

For each particle in the swarm

Calculate the fitness function

Update the local best position of the particle

Update the global best position of the swarm

End for

For each particle in the swarm

Update the velocity and the position of the particle according to equations (4) and (5)

End for

Until (Stopping criteria met)