An Efficient Hybrid Optimization Approach Using Adaptive Elitist Differential Evolution and Spherical Quadratic Steepest Descent and Its Application for Clustering

<div>Convergence behaviors of comparative methods. (a) Schwefel, (b) Griewank, (c) Penalized, (d) Ackley, (e) Penalized 2.</div>

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Figure 5

Figure 5: An Efficient Hybrid Optimization Approach Using Adaptive Elitist Differential Evolution and Spherical Quadratic Steepest Descent and Its Application for Clustering 

Figure 5 | An Efficient Hybrid Optimization Approach Using Adaptive Elitist Differential Evolution and Spherical Quadratic Steepest Descent and Its Application for Clustering 