Duodenal Perforation: Outcomes after Surgical Management at a Tertiary Care Centre—A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Table 3

Association of mortality with preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative variables, and multivariate analysis for factors affecting mortality.

	Mortality
	Yes (n = 21, 38%)	No (n = 34, 62%)	value
Age
≤50 years (n = 26)	3 (11.5%)	23 (88%)	0.01
>50 years (n = 29)	18 (62%)	11 (38%)
Sex
Male (n = 38)	14 (37%)	24 (63%)	0.760
Female (n = 17)	7 (41%)	10 (59%)
Aetiology
Ulcer (n = 25)	11 (44%)	14 (56%)	0.479
Post-ERCP (n = 15)	6 (40%)	9 (60%)
Postsurgery (n = 11)	2 (18%)	9 (82%)
Trauma (n = 4)	2 (50%)	2 (50%)
Location
D1 (n = 25)	11 (44%)	14 (56%)	0.418
D2 (n = 30)	10 (33%)	20 (67%)
Duration to surgery
<4 days (n = 25)	5 (20%)	20 (80%)	0.045
≥4 days (n = 30)	16 (53%)	14 (47%)
Type of surgery
Repair only (n = 18)	8 (44%)	10 (56%)	0.927
Repair with diversion (n = 28)	10 (36%)	18 (64%)
Diversion only (n = 6)	2 (33%)	4 (67%)
Resection (n = 3)	1 (33%)	2 (67 %)
Preoperative organ failure
Yes (n = 23)	18 (78%)	5 (22%)	<0.001
No (n = 32)	3 (9.4%)	29 (90%)
Postoperative leak
Yes (n = 11)	7 (64%)	4 (37%)	0.05
No (n = 44)	14 (32%)	30 (69%)
Re-exploration
Yes (n = 5)	4 (80%)	1 (20%)	0.044
No (n = 50)	17 (34%)	33 (66%)
Multivariate analysis of factors affecting mortality
Age	0.071
Organ failure	0.002
Leak	0.412