Short Term Outcomes of Open and Minimally Invasive Approaches to Segmental Colectomy for Benign Colovesical Fistula

Table 1

Demographics and clinical characteristics of patient population of the study by surgical approach.

Variables		Minimally invasive approach = 544	Open approach = 204	values
Age	Age more than 70 years	150 (27.8%)	60 (29.4%)	0.65
Sex	Female	183 (33.6%)	88 (43.1%)	0.01
Race	White	436 (87.6%)	150 (82%)	0.04
	Black or African American	43 (8.6%)	19 (10.4%)	0.04
	Asian	11 (2.2%)	11 (6%)	0.01
	Other	8 (1.6%)	3 (1.6%)	0.98
Comorbidity	Diabetes mellitus	88 (16.2%)	24 (11.8%)	0.13
	Weight loss	14 (2.6%)	17 (8.3%)	<0.01
	Congestive heart failure	4 (0.7%)	3 (1.5%)	0.35
	Chronic steroid use	40 (7.4%)	13 (6.4%)	0.64
	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	37 (6.8%)	25 (12.3%)	0.01
	Smoking	102 (18.8%)	54 (26.5%)	0.02
	Moderate or severe dyspnea	36 (6.6%)	16 (7.8%)	0.55
	Renal failure on dialysis	2 (0.4%)	4 (2%)	0.03
	Hypertension	310 (57%)	112 (54.9%)	0.60
Body mass index	<30	329 (60.7%)	116 (57.4%)	0.03
	30–39.9	109 (20.1%)	38 (18.8%)	0.03
	≥40	104 (19.2%)	48 (23.8%)	0.01
Other factors	Mean operation length	225 min	201 min	<0.01
	Preoperative sepsis	6 (1.1%)	7 (3.4%)	0.03
	Mechanical bowel preparation	366 (78.7%)	112 (70.4%)	0.03
	Chemical bowel preparation	258 (53.1%)	85 (49.4%)	0.40
	Preoperative leukocytosis > 10,000 mm^3	108 (21.3%)	41 (21.2%)	0.98
	ASAscore more than two	295 (54.2%)	120 (58.8%)	0.26
	Serum albumin level less than 3.5 g/dL	53 (16.8%)	39 (30.5%)	<0.01

The American Society of Anesthesiologists score.