Cognitive Dysfunction after On-Pump Operations: Neuropsychological Characteristics and Optimal Core Battery of Tests

Table 2

ANCOVAs of intergroup differences in change of performance at follow-up with diagnosis and sex as grouping factors and age as a covariate (Study 1).

Tests	Time	Time/Group interaction	Intergroup differences
WAIS Digit Span Forward	𝐹1,71=4.27,𝑃=0.04	𝐹2,71=13.7,𝑃<0.001	CABG versus Ctr; OH versus Ctr
WAIS Digit Span Backward	𝐹1,71=0.12,𝑃=0.73	𝐹2,71=6.03,𝑃=0.004	CABG versus Ctr; OH versus Ctr
Luria memory test	𝐹1,69=0.003,𝑃=0.96	𝐹2,69=3.07,𝑃=0.053	NS
Logical memory test	𝐹1,69=0.07,𝑃=0.80	𝐹2,69=0.60,𝑃=0.55	NS
Benton Visual Retention Test	𝐹1,69=2.75,𝑃=0.10	𝐹2,69=6.99,𝑃=0.002	OH versus Ctr; OH versus CABG
WAIS Block Designs	𝐹1,70=7.78,𝑃=0.007	𝐹2,70=18.1,𝑃<0.001	OH versus Ctr; OH versus CABG
Mini-Mental State Examination	𝐹1,71=6.23,𝑃=0.015	𝐹1,71=8.41,𝑃=0.001	CABG versus Ctr; OH versus Ctr
WAIS Digit Symbol	𝐹1,71=3.45,𝑃=0.07	𝐹2,71=24.1,𝑃<0.001	CABG versus Ctr; CABG versus OH; OH versus Ctr
Trail Making Test, part A	𝐹1,56=0.01,𝑃=0.92	𝐹2,56=4.20,𝑃=0.02	CABG versus Ctr; CABG versus OH; OH versus Ctr
Trail Making Test, part B	𝐹1,56=0.41,𝑃=0.52	𝐹2,56=4.41,𝑃=0.017	CABG versus Ctr; OH versus Ctr

Abbreviations: CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; NS: not significant; OH: open heart surgery; WAIS: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.