Predicting Independence 6 and 18 Months after Ischemic Stroke Considering Differences in 12 Countries: A Secondary Analysis of the IST-3 Trial
Table 4
Predictors for independence at 6 and 18 months poststroke adjusted for age and severity, with OR and 95% CI.
Independence at 6 months
Independence at 18 months
Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Age (reference class: >91)
<0.01
<0.01
18-50
6.48 (3.43-12.26)a)
<0.01
6.17 (2.65-14.38)a)
<0.01
51-60
4.18 (2.35-7.42)a)
<0.01
4.94 (2.28-19.71)a)
<0.01
61-70
3.19 (1.87-5.44)a)
<0.01
3.47 (1.67-7.19)a)
<0.01
71-80
2.45 (1.48-4.06)a)
<0.01
2.26 (1.11-4.58)a)
0.02
81-90
1.86 (1.14-3.05)a)
0.01
1.94 (0.97-3.89)a)
0.06
Gender (reference class: female)
Male
1.14 (0.95-1.38)
0.17
1.4 (1.07-1.72)
0.01
NHISS (reference class: severe (21–42))
<0.01
<0.01
Mild (1–4)
30.81 (18.20-52.15)b)
<0.01
20.24 (10.53-38.91)b)
<0.01
Moderate (5–14)
6.91 (4.35-10.99)b)
<0.01
6.18 (3.41-11.20)b)
<0.01
Moderate to severe (15–20)
1.90 (1.12-3.12)b)
0.02
1.40 (0.71 - 2.75)b)
0.33
Previous TIA/stroke history (reference class: yes)
No
1.22 (0.97-1.53)
0.08
1.17 (0.88-1.55)
0.27
Stroke subtype (reference class: TACI)
<0.01
<0.01
PACI
1.75 (1.38-2.23)
<0.01
1.58 (1.19-2.13)
<0.01
LACI
1.98 (1.43-2.75)
<0.01
2.28 (1.53-3.39)
<0.01
POCI
2.23 (1.53-3.25)
<0.01
2.00 (1.25-3.20)
<0.01
Other
0.52 (0.08 - 3.31)
0.49
0.56 (0.09-3.62)
0.54
Lived alone before the stroke (reference class: no)
Yes
1.12 (0.92-1.36)
0.27
1.26 (0.99-1.61)
0.06
Intervention with rt-PA (reference class: no)
Yes
1.14 (0.95-1.38)
0.16
1.38 (1.10-1.74)
<0.01
Atrial fibrillation (reference class: yes)
Not
1.23 (0.99-1.54)
0.07
1.33 (1.00-1.76)
0.05
Able to lift both upper limbs (reference class: no)
Yes
2.45 (1.97-3.04)
<0.01
2.34 (1.79-3.06)
<0.01
Able to walk without help (reference class: no)
Yes
2.52 (1.93-3.30)
<0.01
2.04 (1.48-2.83)
<0.01
Country (reference class: UK)
Australia
1.13 (0.79-1.70)
0.55
0.93 (0.59-1.45)
0.74
Belgium
1.01 (0.54-1.90)
0.97
1.11 (0.56-2.21)
0.77
Italy
0.77 (0.57-1.04)
0.09
0.66 (0.45-0.99)
0.04
Norway
1.35 (0.93-1.95)
0.12
1.51 (1.00-2.29)
0.05
Others
2.04 (1.11-3.76)
0.02
1.06 (0.47-2.39)
0.89
Poland
2.11 (1.53-2.92)
<0.01
2.01 (1.36-2.98)
<0.01
Portugal
0.71 (0.50-1.72)
0.82
1.04 (0.23-4.78)
0.96
Sweden
1.57 (1.14-2.17)
<0.01
1.54 (1.07-2.22)
0.02
NHISS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; TACI: strokes of the anterior total circulation; PACI: infarctions of anterior partial circulation; LACI: lacunar infarcts; POCI: posterior circulation strokes; TIA/AVC: transient ischemic attack/stroke; rt-PA: recombinant intravenous tissue plasminogen activator; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. Adjusted to age and NHISS. a)Odds ratio adjusted to NHISS. b)Odds ratio adjusted to age.
