Experimental and Numerical Simulation of Wheel-Rail Adhesion and Wear Using a Scaled Roller Rig and a Real-Time Contact Code

Figure 9

Shape of the wheel profile after the tests (units in mm): comparison of the measured and the numerical results (all the tests are performed with a reference speed of 500 rpm except the last one, performed at 250 rpm).

(a) Measured initial profile

(b) Profile after the first test (𝜉=0.25)

(c) Profile after the second test (𝜉=0.05)

(d) Profile after the third test (𝜉=0.05)

(e) Profile after the fourth test (𝜉=0.1)

(f) Profile after the fifth test (𝜉=0.15)