Generation and Evolution of Chaos in Double-Well Duffing Oscillator under Parametrical Excitation

<div>For <svg height="9.4556pt" id="M65" style="vertical-align:-0.2063894pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.24921 35.8227 9.4556" width="35.8227pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,-.418,-.222)"><path d="M470 557C393 591 314 624 246 666H224C156 624 76 591 0 557L12 532C86 550 163 573 235 596C309 572 384 550 458 532L470 557Z" id="g119-17"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="470" vert-adv-y="470"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M383 397C383 424 344 448 299 448C244 448 172 409 132 375C66 319 23 227 23 146C23 42 74 -12 146 -12C208 -12 298 30 359 103L343 124C315 95 248 48 192 48C145 48 111 85 111 163C111 228 129 294 151 330C171 363 201 401 241 401C275 401 302 384 325 356C332 347 339 344 348 348C373 360 383 381 383 397Z" id="g113-100"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="406" vert-adv-y="406"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.914,0)"><path d="M535 323V373H52V323H535ZM535 138V188H52V138H535Z" id="g117-34"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="587" vert-adv-y="587"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.177,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z" id="g113-49"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="480" vert-adv-y="480"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,26.417,0)"><path d="M113 -12C146 -12 170 11 170 46C170 78 146 103 114 103S58 78 58 46C58 11 82 -12 113 -12Z" id="g113-47"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="228" vert-adv-y="228"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.381,0)"><path d="M412 140C382 77 369 73 315 73H129L270 222C362 320 402 379 402 466C402 571 322 635 234 635C177 635 130 609 99 576L42 495L64 475C90 514 133 568 201 568C274 568 318 519 318 435C318 349 255 267 193 193C144 135 87 78 32 23V0H405C417 45 427 89 440 131L412 140Z" id="g113-51"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="480" vert-adv-y="480"></glyph.data></g></svg>, the critical curves for chaotic behaviors in sense of Smale horseshoe in <svg height="12.7178pt" id="M66" style="vertical-align:-3.42947pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 31.4035 12.7178" width="31.4035pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M300 -147C201 -63 143 98 143 270S200 602 300 686L282 710C136 610 70 450 70 271V270C70 89 136 -72 282 -170L300 -147Z" id="g113-41"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="346" vert-adv-y="346"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.498,0)"><path d="M719 146L691 147C666 77 657 72 612 72H528C572 125 688 224 688 364C688 546 558 665 384 665C212 665 77 541 77 361C77 221 188 124 239 72H150C110 72 97 80 73 147L46 146L63 0H307L314 18C284 71 178 203 178 360C178 529 256 631 383 631C509 631 588 523 588 363C588 197 485 67 453 18L458 0H701L719 146Z" id="g113-153"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="757" vert-adv-y="757"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.339,0)"><path d="M95 130C70 130 46 113 46 88C46 72 54 64 59 64C93 55 121 33 121 -3C121 -41 93 -68 44 -88L55 -117C117 -98 186 -56 186 22C186 91 131 130 95 130Z" id="g113-45"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="228" vert-adv-y="228"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.037,-.222)"><path d="M470 557C393 591 314 624 246 666H224C156 624 76 591 0 557L12 532C86 550 163 573 235 596C309 572 384 550 458 532L470 557Z" id="g119-17"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="470" vert-adv-y="470"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,19.482,0)"><path d="M538 96L524 119C492 88 454 63 446 63C439 63 434 70 440 101C463 223 491 341 518 448H508L433 422L401 276C355 192 240 56 188 56C163 56 154 89 163 133C184 233 207 338 235 443L230 448L152 424L58 17C40 -60 23 -143 23 -185C23 -241 42 -261 63 -261C92 -261 117 -241 125 -227L124 -221C109 -209 89 -165 89 -103C89 -55 96 -13 105 26H107C121 -3 134 -12 151 -12C172 -12 194 -5 221 16C279 61 330 124 384 194H386C381 159 377 141 368 105C343 3 363 -12 383 -12C416 -12 486 35 538 96Z" id="g113-234"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="555" vert-adv-y="555"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,26.698,0)"><path d="M275 270C275 450 212 609 64 710L45 686C145 604 203 442 203 270S147 -63 45 -147L64 -170C213 -68 275 89 275 270Z" id="g113-42"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="346" vert-adv-y="346"></glyph.data></g></svg> plane.</div>

Shock and Vibration

fig4

Figure 4

Figure 4: Generation and Evolution of Chaos in Double-Well Duffing Oscillator under Parametrical Excitation 