Nonlinear Model for Condition Monitoring and Fault Detection Based on Nonlocal Kernel Orthogonal Preserving Embedding

Figure 3

Monitoring charts: (a) KPCA, (b) KONPE, (c) NLOPE, (d) KGLPP, and (e) NLKOPE.

(a) Fault detection result using KPCA

(b) Fault detection result using KONPE

(c) Fault detection result using NLOPE

(d) Fault detection result using KGLPP

(e) Fault detection result using NLKOPE