Low-Frequency Carbody Sway Modelling Based on Low Wheel-Rail Contact Conicity Analysis

Figure 12

Optimized effect on lateral ride index and minimal damping ratio by (a) equivalent conicity, (b) longitudinal stiffness of rotary arm attachment point, (c) airspring, and (d) damping of secondary lateral damper.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)