Design Optimization of an Integrated E-Type Multilink Suspension Wheel-Side Drive System and Improvement of Vehicle Ride Comfort

Table 9

Six degree-of-freedom of bushing stiffnesses.

Number	Radial x stiffness	Radial y stiffness	Axial z stiffness	Bending stiffness around radial x	Bending stiffness around radial y	Torsional stiffness
1#	−21.57	−28.78	−7.81	10.32	−8.96	−2.47
2-1#	25.03	3.83	9.14	21.06	43.78	−3.18
2-2#	−5.23	1.4	−8.19	−15.07	−11.44	5.24
3#	−77.62	−2.93	12.03	−15.5	-13.44	−17.5
4#	−39.8	11.85	−22.19	−26.84	11.47	−1.11
5#	61.88	190.6	5.59	38.95	23.38	−23.09
6#	11.13	−9.87	−36.54	0.45	−37.38	35.58