Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Heterogeneity on Underground Roadway Stability under Dynamic Loads

Figure 17

Roof deformation distribution pattern and the average roof sag with respect to m under different dynamic loads: (a) PPV = 0.5 m/s, (b) PPV = 1.5 m/s, and (c) PPV = 2.5 m/s.

(a)

(b)

(c)