Study of Suspension Parameters Matching to Enhance Vehicle Ride Comfort on Bump Road

<table class="table-group" id="tab6"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Parameters</td><td class="align_center">30 km/h</td><td class="align_center">40 km/h</td><td class="align_center">50 km/h</td><td class="align_center">60 km/h</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><svg height="14.1649pt" id="M605" style="vertical-align:-5.529pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 18.3845 14.1649" width="18.3845pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M743 650H503L496 622L527 618C563 613 564 603 532 573C449 495 371 431 323 392C301 374 272 355 246 346L280 522C297 609 300 614 379 622L385 650H135L129 622C209 614 215 609 198 522L124 133C106 39 99 35 23 28L17 0H271L277 28C193 35 192 39 208 133L239 316C264 328 280 325 303 288C368 183 435 90 502 0H652L659 28C602 34 584 43 543 94C495 154 403 283 347 369L574 554C634 603 659 612 735 624L743 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.23,3.132)"><path d="M357 391C357 416 325 451 270 451C241 451 179 431 146 400C109 365 97 334 97 307C97 248 143 213 196 180C250 146 261 123 261 101C261 75 237 40 190 40C153 40 110 72 86 109C81 116 68 119 55 112C37 102 24 87 24 66C24 30 85 -12 137 -12C229 -12 331 62 331 140C331 189 304 218 236 260C197 284 164 309 164 346C164 381 194 400 220 400C259 400 282 380 304 350C310 342 321 339 330 344C347 353 357 372 357 391Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,11.857,3.132)"><path d="M620 667C620 684 593 710 552 710C515 710 459 687 409 634C360 582 334 506 320 433H247L215 400L220 388H310L259 80C224 -129 199 -161 185 -174C175 -183 160 -192 141 -192C123 -192 90 -181 75 -165C69 -158 64 -156 54 -164C39 -178 24 -195 24 -208C24 -231 61 -257 94 -257C124 -257 162 -243 209 -194C267 -134 303 -66 343 107C369 220 378 279 393 385L503 397L523 433H404C432 619 464 660 500 660C522 660 542 646 566 621C573 614 583 615 593 621C603 628 620 648 620 667Z"></path></g></svg> (N/mm)</td><td class="align_center">20.28365283</td><td class="align_center">22.78026042</td><td class="align_center">19.27164038</td><td class="align_center">20.67443909</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><svg height="14.1649pt" id="M606" style="vertical-align:-5.529pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 16.8969 14.1649" width="16.8969pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M578 512C578 619 494 650 387 650H140L134 622C219 615 223 609 210 542L127 119C112 40 104 34 23 28L17 0H235C317 0 387 7 444 33C515 65 564 122 564 195C564 289 495 335 412 352V354C505 373 578 422 578 512ZM486 510C486 422 423 367 314 367H257L294 565C299 591 305 602 315 608C324 614 339 617 362 617C421 617 486 595 486 510ZM466 200C466 100 393 35 296 35C222 35 198 51 212 127L250 333H303C388 333 466 303 466 200Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.748,3.132)"><path d="M357 391C357 416 325 451 270 451C241 451 179 431 146 400C109 365 97 334 97 307C97 248 143 213 196 180C250 146 261 123 261 101C261 75 237 40 190 40C153 40 110 72 86 109C81 116 68 119 55 112C37 102 24 87 24 66C24 30 85 -12 137 -12C229 -12 331 62 331 140C331 189 304 218 236 260C197 284 164 309 164 346C164 381 194 400 220 400C259 400 282 380 304 350C310 342 321 339 330 344C347 353 357 372 357 391Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,10.375,3.132)"><path d="M620 667C620 684 593 710 552 710C515 710 459 687 409 634C360 582 334 506 320 433H247L215 400L220 388H310L259 80C224 -129 199 -161 185 -174C175 -183 160 -192 141 -192C123 -192 90 -181 75 -165C69 -158 64 -156 54 -164C39 -178 24 -195 24 -208C24 -231 61 -257 94 -257C124 -257 162 -243 209 -194C267 -134 303 -66 343 107C369 220 378 279 393 385L503 397L523 433H404C432 619 464 660 500 660C522 660 542 646 566 621C573 614 583 615 593 621C603 628 620 648 620 667Z"></path></g></svg> (N·s/mm)</td><td class="align_center">1.997156851</td><td class="align_center">1.947629857</td><td class="align_center">1.94421668</td><td class="align_center">1.947121335</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><svg height="11.927pt" id="M607" style="vertical-align:-3.291101pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 17.4071 11.927" width="17.4071pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M743 650H503L496 622L527 618C563 613 564 603 532 573C449 495 371 431 323 392C301 374 272 355 246 346L280 522C297 609 300 614 379 622L385 650H135L129 622C209 614 215 609 198 522L124 133C106 39 99 35 23 28L17 0H271L277 28C193 35 192 39 208 133L239 316C264 328 280 325 303 288C368 183 435 90 502 0H652L659 28C602 34 584 43 543 94C495 154 403 283 347 369L574 554C634 603 659 612 735 624L743 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.23,3.132)"><path d="M357 391C357 416 325 451 270 451C241 451 179 431 146 400C109 365 97 334 97 307C97 248 143 213 196 180C250 146 261 123 261 101C261 75 237 40 190 40C153 40 110 72 86 109C81 116 68 119 55 112C37 102 24 87 24 66C24 30 85 -12 137 -12C229 -12 331 62 331 140C331 189 304 218 236 260C197 284 164 309 164 346C164 381 194 400 220 400C259 400 282 380 304 350C310 342 321 339 330 344C347 353 357 372 357 391Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,12.862,3.132)"><path d="M397 380C406 395 404 411 396 425S369 451 350 451C302 451 239 372 192 294H189L199 338C214 407 207 451 180 451C152 451 83 405 30 345L48 318C87 354 117 372 125 372S135 362 127 324L55 -5L61 -12C87 -5 117 3 139 5C154 87 168 162 179 207C198 250 240 310 260 332C281 355 297 366 307 366C321 366 333 360 347 346C351 342 360 342 369 348C379 355 389 366 397 380Z"></path></g></svg> (N/mm)</td><td class="align_center">24.0494012</td><td class="align_center">23.76412423</td><td class="align_center">23.66549701</td><td class="align_center">26.44512566</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><svg height="11.927pt" id="M608" style="vertical-align:-3.291101pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 15.9195 11.927" width="15.9195pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M578 512C578 619 494 650 387 650H140L134 622C219 615 223 609 210 542L127 119C112 40 104 34 23 28L17 0H235C317 0 387 7 444 33C515 65 564 122 564 195C564 289 495 335 412 352V354C505 373 578 422 578 512ZM486 510C486 422 423 367 314 367H257L294 565C299 591 305 602 315 608C324 614 339 617 362 617C421 617 486 595 486 510ZM466 200C466 100 393 35 296 35C222 35 198 51 212 127L250 333H303C388 333 466 303 466 200Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.748,3.132)"><path d="M357 391C357 416 325 451 270 451C241 451 179 431 146 400C109 365 97 334 97 307C97 248 143 213 196 180C250 146 261 123 261 101C261 75 237 40 190 40C153 40 110 72 86 109C81 116 68 119 55 112C37 102 24 87 24 66C24 30 85 -12 137 -12C229 -12 331 62 331 140C331 189 304 218 236 260C197 284 164 309 164 346C164 381 194 400 220 400C259 400 282 380 304 350C310 342 321 339 330 344C347 353 357 372 357 391Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,11.38,3.132)"><path d="M397 380C406 395 404 411 396 425S369 451 350 451C302 451 239 372 192 294H189L199 338C214 407 207 451 180 451C152 451 83 405 30 345L48 318C87 354 117 372 125 372S135 362 127 324L55 -5L61 -12C87 -5 117 3 139 5C154 87 168 162 179 207C198 250 240 310 260 332C281 355 297 366 307 366C321 366 333 360 347 346C351 342 360 342 369 348C379 355 389 366 397 380Z"></path></g></svg> (N·s/mm)</td><td class="align_center">0.966029956</td><td class="align_center">0.913898048</td><td class="align_center">0.928911581</td><td class="align_center">0.895457426</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><svg height="15.608pt" id="M609" style="vertical-align:-3.833899pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.7741 21.8097 15.608" width="21.8097pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M743 650H503L496 622L527 618C563 613 564 603 532 573C449 495 371 431 323 392C301 374 272 355 246 346L280 522C297 609 300 614 379 622L385 650H135L129 622C209 614 215 609 198 522L124 133C106 39 99 35 23 28L17 0H271L277 28C193 35 192 39 208 133L239 316C264 328 280 325 303 288C368 183 435 90 502 0H652L659 28C602 34 584 43 543 94C495 154 403 283 347 369L574 554C634 603 659 612 735 624L743 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.817,-5.741)"><path d="M598 511C598 627 497 650 401 650H141L131 618C219 611 222 606 210 538L130 119C117 43 108 39 25 32L18 0H236C324 0 396 5 456 30C531 59 585 119 585 193C585 285 520 331 428 351V353C529 373 598 423 598 511ZM502 508C502 418 431 368 330 368H263L298 559C303 584 308 595 317 600C329 608 345 612 369 612C428 612 502 595 502 508ZM483 197C483 95 404 39 309 39C225 39 206 58 219 139L256 330H317C395 330 483 301 483 197Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.23,3.784)"><path d="M655 676H628C608 656 600 650 571 650H156C118 650 114 651 102 676H77C63 615 45 548 24 485L60 486C81 531 97 562 114 580C134 603 148 611 252 611H308L217 127C201 41 196 38 105 32L98 0H384L393 32C300 38 288 41 304 127L393 611H466C553 611 571 604 582 580C592 559 597 530 595 485L630 489C636 548 645 624 655 676Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,15.102,3.784)"><path d="M679 650H432L424 619L456 615C499 610 507 601 486 568C442 499 366 400 315 336C281 403 229 526 211 570C199 600 202 610 239 614C239 614 281 618 281 619L288 650H33L24 619C98 612 106 606 129 552L226 325C238 297 238 282 234 259L211 136C193 42 184 38 97 32L86 0H375L382 32C285 39 277 45 296 136L324 267C329 290 337 304 350 322C420 416 479 489 523 539C582 607 595 613 668 619L679 650Z"></path></g></svg> (N/mm)</td><td class="align_center">278.4620487</td><td class="align_center">486.843411</td><td class="align_center">301.8880437</td><td class="align_center">376.3872639</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"><svg height="17.0681pt" id="M610" style="vertical-align:-4.2371pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -12.831 22.1477 17.0681" width="22.1477pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M743 650H503L496 622L527 618C563 613 564 603 532 573C449 495 371 431 323 392C301 374 272 355 246 346L280 522C297 609 300 614 379 622L385 650H135L129 622C209 614 215 609 198 522L124 133C106 39 99 35 23 28L17 0H271L277 28C193 35 192 39 208 133L239 316C264 328 280 325 303 288C368 183 435 90 502 0H652L659 28C602 34 584 43 543 94C495 154 403 283 347 369L574 554C634 603 659 612 735 624L743 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.817,-6.652)"><path d="M722 32C646 41 636 48 622 116L544 496L509 667L472 658L153 123C106 45 93 42 27 32L18 0H259L268 32C178 40 172 48 204 107L272 233H509C523 180 533 137 540 96C548 50 546 39 466 32L457 0H714L722 32ZM502 283H299L448 547H450L502 283Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0065,0,0,-0.0065,17.061,-4.551)"><path d="M468 176V229H370V632H320C217 496 117 353 22 210V176H288V112C288 46 284 42 191 35V0H457V35C374 42 370 46 370 110V176H468ZM288 229H94C161 337 222 429 286 518H288V229Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.23,4.187)"><path d="M655 676H628C608 656 600 650 571 650H156C118 650 114 651 102 676H77C63 615 45 548 24 485L60 486C81 531 97 562 114 580C134 603 148 611 252 611H308L217 127C201 41 196 38 105 32L98 0H384L393 32C300 38 288 41 304 127L393 611H466C553 611 571 604 582 580C592 559 597 530 595 485L630 489C636 548 645 624 655 676Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,14.436,4.187)"><path d="M782 650H541L536 618L564 614C597 609 604 600 584 574C535 508 486 451 437 395C394 473 361 533 343 575C331 605 335 610 375 615L400 618L407 650H156L147 618C222 612 230 608 267 537L375 330C277 214 186 117 163 96C108 43 97 38 27 32L18 0H265L274 32L251 35C204 41 202 47 224 80C264 138 327 213 397 293L504 80C520 48 516 42 472 36L440 32L433 0H707L716 32C627 38 622 43 581 121L455 361L629 548C685 606 696 610 775 618L782 650Z"></path></g></svg> (N/mm)</td><td class="align_center">494.462681</td><td class="align_center">494.9839004</td><td class="align_center">486.6719285</td><td class="align_center">493.9985812</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="5"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Results for optimized variables after optimization.</div>

Shock and Vibration

tab6

Table 6

Table 6: Study of Suspension Parameters Matching to Enhance Vehicle Ride Comfort on Bump Road 