Effects of Excavation Gap Filling of Under-1 Crossing Tunnel on Pipelines

Table 1

Mechanical properties of EPB components.

Material properties	Bulk weight (kg/m^3)	Elastic modulus (MPa)	Initial void ratio
Segment	2500	29,300	0.16
Shield	7800	210,000	0.28
Grout in soft phase	2000	40	0.2
Grout in hard phase	2000	200	0.2
Filling material	2600	Changing	0.3