Effect of Turbine Weight on the Seismic Response of a Wind Turbine-Monopile System Located in Liquefied Multilayer Soil

<div>General specifications of model (<svg height="9.39034pt" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-3.42943pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 16.3162 9.39034" width="16.3162pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M478 372C478 418 458 448 431 448C409 448 389 431 389 410C389 404 391 400 394 395C398 388 406 371 406 348C406 253 308 122 251 51H249C254 122 249 257 231 336C212 421 189 448 159 448C126 448 75 412 23 327L48 306C83 354 103 371 115 371C125 371 134 360 144 334C185 224 192 64 183 -19C146 -100 116 -202 110 -244L125 -261C154 -259 208 -234 222 -220C222 -194 225 -84 235 -23C247 -3 273 36 308 79C379 165 478 288 478 372Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.668,3.132)"><path d="M319 325C317 349 306 409 297 431C277 440 250 449 209 449C117 449 57 389 57 319C57 243 122 209 182 182C232 159 261 135 261 91C261 48 227 21 190 21C130 21 85 79 68 145L41 140C41 104 51 36 58 22C75 7 121 -12 172 -12C252 -12 337 35 337 126C337 195 286 231 210 262C166 281 126 304 126 348C126 388 152 417 191 417C240 417 274 378 294 318L319 325Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.062,3.132)"><path d="M433 39L423 65C413 59 399 54 387 54C370 54 352 69 352 114V299C352 352 342 392 307 422C285 440 255 449 225 449C168 437 102 399 75 379C56 365 44 353 44 339C44 315 69 296 87 296C101 296 111 303 116 319C124 349 133 371 145 385C156 397 171 404 190 404C241 404 275 364 275 291V274C253 256 180 229 120 209C65 190 39 159 39 110C39 47 88 -12 159 -12C189 -12 237 25 277 52C282 35 288 21 301 8C312 -3 333 -12 348 -12L433 39ZM275 84C256 65 221 48 195 48C164 48 124 73 124 124C124 161 146 180 185 198C206 208 254 229 275 240V84Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,12.884,3.132)"><path d="M298 36L289 62C276 55 253 45 228 45C202 45 169 60 169 141V397H276C289 405 292 426 282 437H169V574L155 576L90 509V437H45L17 408L21 397H90V107C90 28 125 -12 188 -12C198 -12 213 -8 230 1L298 36Z"></path></g></svg> = saturated unit weight, <svg height="9.39034pt" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-3.42943pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 7.69399 9.39034" width="7.69399pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M559 271C559 395 493 448 433 448C370 448 304 394 275 297C259 245 235 121 219 37C157 54 113 110 113 201C113 310 180 386 276 429L265 457C131 410 23 326 23 186C23 83 86 5 211 -10C180 -159 167 -220 158 -252L165 -261C198 -255 236 -246 251 -218L287 -5C421 9 559 119 559 271ZM484 273C484 144 400 40 293 33L352 331C364 389 382 406 405 406C431 406 484 370 484 273Z"></path></g></svg> = friction angle, and <i>C</i> = cohesion).</div>

Shock and Vibration

fig4

Figure 4

Figure 4: Effect of Turbine Weight on the Seismic Response of a Wind Turbine-Monopile System Located in Liquefied Multilayer Soil 