Research Article

Stability Analysis and Fracture Patterns of Hard Main Roof in Longwall Top Coal Caving with Large Mining Height

Table 2

The underground pressure behaviors in No. 8100 longwall face.

DateAdvancing distance (m)Underground pressure behaviors in working faceWeighting interval (m)

March 15224.1The weighting strength was large, the resistance of supports increased obviously, the safety valves of columns opened, the columns sunk 100–200 mm, and the coal rib spalled largely.
March 21267.8Weighting strength was normal, supports resistance was not obvious, safety valves of columns opened individually, and the sinking of columns was not obvious. The resistance of 59# and 69# supports increased.43.7
March 25285.7The pressure of 42–82# supports increased to 34–39 MPa, the spalling of coal rib was 0.5–0.8 m, and the safety valves of columns all opened. The spalling depth of coal rib at 2–14# and 90–104# supports was 0.5–1.0 m.17.9
March 30305.0The resistance of 35–80# supports increased, the pressure was 35–39 MPa, and most of the safety valves were opened. The spalling depth of 85–91# supports was large, and the top coal at 94–111# supports was broken.19.3
April 6348.0The front extension beams of 45–47# and 54–60# supports deformed 20 pieces, and 4 pieces of guards were damaged; the dumbbell pins of scraper conveyor at 56-57# supports broke 2 pieces.43.0
April 9366.2The pressure of 22–100# supports increased to 33–38 MPa. Next day, the top coal leaked at 37-38# and 41–43# supports; the top coal at 5–88# supports was fragmentized, and the height of the roof caving was 1.0–2.5 m.18.2
April 16409.5Before the weighting, there was a sound of roof collapse in the goaf; 16 safety valves of 57–75# columns were shot out; the rear tail cylinder of 81# support bursts. During the weighting, all tail windshields were blown over. There were 13 columns of supports damaged in total.43.4
April 19435.7The rear columns of 69# support were posted down, safety valves of 39–100# supports were mostly opened, the roof at 68, 74, 75, 107, and 108# supports were fragmentized, and the coal rib spalled at 13, 14, 58, 59, and 68# supports.26.2
April 26486.5The weighting first happened at 59# support; safety valves of 49–70# supports opened about 80%; the columns of 57–65# supports could not stretch.50.9
May 1520.7The safety valves of 0–72# supports were all opened, and the flex volumes of the columns for 53–66# supports were only 20 mm; the average pressure of 16–72# supports were 36 MPa.34.2
May 5539.2The resistance of 69–99# supports increased, the maximum pressure was 42 MPa, and the average was 38 MPa; the roof at 45–85# supports was broken; the coal rib spalled slightly at 70–80# supports.18.6