Rapid Assessment and Classification for Seismic Damage of Mountain Tunnel Based on Concentric Circle Method
Table 5
Discretized assessment index and description of pavement damage.
Damage level
Seismic damage description
Discrete value
Extremely severe
Extensive and intensive cracks (l > 20 m, cm); pavement upheaval (h > 50 cm); local dislocation ( cm, h > 10 cm); extremely severe damage to pavement; pavement covered by deep and extensive ponding water; impassable traffic
4
Severe
Intensive cracks (10 m < l < 20 m, 1 cm < cm); pavement upheaval (10 cm < h < 50 cm); local dislocation (1 cm < cm, 5 cm < h < 10 cm); severe damage to pavement; extensive ponding water; cautiously passable traffic with high risk
3
Moderate
Local cracks (5 m < l < 10 m, 0.5 cm < cm); pavement upheaval (h < 10 cm); local dislocation ( cm, 1 cm < h < 5 cm); small-scale damage to pavement; local pavement covered by ponding water; cautiously passable traffic by safety measures
2
Slight
Local cracks (l < 5 m, cm); no pavement upheaval; few dislocation ( cm, h < 1 cm); little damage to pavement; local pavement covered by less ponding water; passable traffic but maintenance still needed
1
Undamaged
No crack or upheaval; passable traffic; no abnormal phenomenon
