[Retracted] High-Resolution Direction of Arrival Estimation of Underwater Multitargets Using Swarming Intelligence of Flower Pollination Heuristics

Table 2

Estimation accuracy for three sources.

SNR = 5 dB, snapshots = 20, hydrophones = 8, d = /2
Algorithms		FPA	ESPRIT	RMUSIC	MUSIC	MVDR	PSO
= 30	Mean	29.999	29.099	11.961	38.710	39.666	37.447
	Variance	0.0188	46.4054	854.4187	55.3792	46.2022	439.3751
= 40	Mean	39.998	39.792	38.310	41.033	41.153	47.041
	Variance	0.0205	14.4508	47.6986	53.7322	44.8432	345.3394
= 50	Mean	50.007	50.686	48.330	42.483	42.920	51.160
	Variance	0.0295	14.3758	19.3924	51.7431	40.6736	138.6291