Blasting Vibration Characteristics Calculation Formula considering Cylindrical Charge Delay Time

Figure 7

Layout of the charges and the observation points: (a) main view; (b) vertical view. The observation points are distributed in two directions, respectively, along the vertical direction of the cylindrical charge and along the radial direction of the cylindrical charge. is the charge length, is the stemming length, is the distance from the observation points along the radial direction of the cylindrical charge to the first blastholes plane, and is the blasting hole spacing.

(a)

(b)