The Evolution of Vehicle Pneumatic Vibration Isolation: A Systematic Review

Table 4

A comparison of three pneumatic suspension systems.

	Advantages	Disadvantages
Passive	(i) Much simpler in design and configuration; (ii) Comparatively cheaper; (iii) Very reliable; (iv) No actuator is required	(i) Relies solely on the air spring’s natural frequency for vibration isolation; (ii) Not effective at low-frequency band vibration isolation; (iii) A compromise between ride comfort and vehicle handling
Semiactive	(i) Better vibration isolation over a broader frequency range than passive pneumatic suspension; (ii) Cheaper and more reliable than active suspension; (iii) Requires very little external energy; (iv) Simple design configuration compared to active pneumatic suspension	(i) Vibration isolation is not effective in overall frequency ranges; (ii) Cannot add energy to the suspension system; (iii) Relatively complex and more expensive than passive pneumatic suspension
Active	(i) Optimal ride comfort and vehicle handling; (ii) Adapts to all road conditions; (iii) Better vehicle stability under all loading conditions; (iv) Self-leveling functions; (v) Offers different suspension stiffness to meet driver demands; (vi) Adjustable ride height	(i) Comparatively expensive than both passive and semiactive suspension; (ii) Increases the overall vehicle power consumption; (iii) Complex design configuration; (iv) Prone to failure due to several sensors and control demands