Monitoring Soil-Pile Stripping Damage at Different Temperatures via Piezoelectric Ceramic Sensors

Table 1

PZT-5 parameters.

Relative permittivity	Electromechanical coupling coefficient	Density (kg·m^−3)	Mechanical quality factor	Piezoelectric constant (C·N^−1)			Curie temperature (°C)
ε	Kp	ρ	Qm	d15	d31	d33	Tc
1600	60%	7600	80	640 × 10^−12	−150 × 10^−12	400 × 10^−12	360