Molecular Epidemiology and Phylogenetic Analysis of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Circulating in Sheep in Bangladesh

Table 2

Epidemiological factors associated with the prevalence of RT-PCR-positive PPRV infection in sheep in Bangladesh.

Variables^a	Categories	Odds ratio	95% CI	value
Districts/locations	Mymensingh	Ref.
	Dhaka	3.0	1.3–6.9	0.009
	Noakhali	1.2	0.5–2.9	0.663
	Khulna	1.3	0.6–3.1	0.517
	Gaibandha	1.1	0.5–2.6	0.826
Ecological zones	Plane land	1.6	0.8–3.4	0.191
	Coastal	1.2	0.6–2.4	0.711
	Jamuna river basin	Ref.
Breed	Crossbreds	3.3	1.9–5.7	<0.001
	Native	Ref.
Sex	Male	1.8	1.1–3.1	0.024
	Female	Ref.
Age	0–6 months	1.1	0.5–2.4	0.901
	7–12 months	1.1	0.5–2.4	0.839
	13–24 months	1.2	0.6–2.2	0.673
	>24 months	Ref.
Sources	Animal market	1.8	0.9–3.1	0.053
	Imported	8.8	3.3–23.8	<0.001
	Born in farm/house	Ref.
Seasons	Winter (Nov–Feb)	2.1	1.1–4.1	0.02
	Rainy (Jul–Oct)	1.2	0.6–2.3	0.676
	Summer (Mar–Jun)	Ref.
Rearing systems	Nonfarming	1.9	1.1–3.4	0.017
	Farming	Ref.
Feeding systems	Stall feeding	Ref.
	Grazing	2.1	1.3–3.6	0.005

^aCandidate variables for multiple logistic regression; CI, confidence interval; Nov, November; Feb, February; Jul, July; Oct, October; Mar, March; Jun, June.